The utility model discloses a calibration device using a resistance strain turning dynamometer. The octagonal ring resistance strain turning dynamometer is fixed on a lathe carriage table of the calibration device, an offset side cutter bar is fastened on the octagonal ring resistance strain turning dynamometer, a simulation cutter head is fixed on the offset side cutter bar, the head portion of the simulation cutter head is provided with an X-direction loading through hole, a Y-direction loading through hole and a Z-direction loading through hole which extend along the the X direction, the Y direction and the Z direction of the offset side cutter bar, and the intersection of the three loading through holes is the position where a tool nose is located when an adaptive cutter head is assembled on the offset side cutter bar. The calibration device further comprises an X-direction calibration device, a Y-direction calibration device and a Z-direction calibration device which are installed in corresponding loading through holes, the X-direction calibration device and the Y-direction calibration device respectively comprise a loading rope, a fixed pulley structure and a scale pan, and the Z-direction calibration device comprises a loading rope and a fixed pulley structure.