The utility model provides an oil-producing control device of a screw pump on the basis of underground multi-parameter real-time monitoring. The oil-producing control device comprises a data acquisition and control device, a frequency-conversion speed-adjusting device and a motor for driving the screw pump to rotate, and also comprises an underground multi-parameter tester, wherein the data acquisition and control device, the frequency-conversion speed-adjusting device and the motor are positioned on the ground; the underground multi-parameter tester is positioned under an oil well, and is connected with the bottom end of the screw pump, and is internally provided with a plurality of sensors; the tester is provided with a shell which is provided with a halter; one end of a logging cable penetrates through the halter in a sealing manner to extend into the tester, and the other end of the logging cable extends out of a wellhead upwards along the outer wall of an oil pipe, and is connected with the data acquisition and control device by a manifold of a wellhead casing. Therefore, the oil-producing control device provided by the utility model has the advantages that the real-time online monitoring can be carried out on multiple parameters such as temperature, pressure, water content and the height of working fluid level under the pump, and the operation under the optimal power state of underground real-time condition, so that the positive effects of saving energy in a high-efficiency manner, reducing the loss of the machine, reducing the maintenance cost and prolonging the service life of the screw pump are achieved.