The utility model relates to the field of road engineering test and concretely provides a testing device for the uniaxial compressive modulus of elasticity. The testing device mainly and structurally comprises two loading discs, a displacement sensor, two rigid rings, positioning bolts and a control system; the two loading discs are respectively arranged at the bottom and on the top of a test piece for a test and used for transferring a load from loading equipment to the test piece; the two rigid rings are respectively arranged in the middle of the test piece in parallel through the locating bolts, and the displacement sensor is arranged between the two rigid rings and used for measuring the average axial deformation in the middle of the test piece; and the control system is electrically connected with the displacement sensor and used for recording and processing displacement data measured by the displacement sensor. Compared with the prior art, the testing device provided by the utility model has the characteristics of accurate and reliable result, good correlation with indoor dynamic compressive modulus of elasticity and a dynamic modulus obtained through back calculation for field deflection test of an FWD (Falling Weight Deflectometer) and the like when being used for testing the modulus of elasticity so as to be applied to the test of indoor uniaxial compressive modulus of elasticity of a stable material of an inorganic bonded material.