The utility model discloses an ultrasonic partial discharge detection system with an intelligent substation inspection robot. The ultrasonic partial discharge detection system comprises a substation partial discharge inspection robot moving platform and a background base station. The substation partial discharge inspection robot moving platform is provided with a pan-tilt head, and an ultrasonic detector is installed on the pan-tilt head and used for detecting partial discharge of substation equipment. The ultrasonic detector is connected with an encoding/decoding device and allows for communication between the moving platform and the background base station through a first wireless communication module and a second wireless communication module. The substation equipment local discharge robot system with the ultrasonic detecting device is capable of quickly and effectively detecting local discharge and accurately locating so as to pre-warn on equipment defects by receiving ultrasonic signals generated by the electrical equipment through instruments and analyzing quality and strength of the ultrasonic signals.