The utility model discloses a three-dimensional wind speed and wind direction measurement system, and solves the technical problems that conventional measurement systems are complex in structure, large in size, and the measuring precision is easily affected by the environment. The three-dimensional wind speed and wind direction measurement system comprises three wind speed sensors in space three-dimensional directions which are arranged on a sensor support. Another three wind speed sensors are arranged on another three directions opposite to the space three-dimensional directions. The six wind speed sensors are respectively connected to corresponding input terminals of differential pressure gauges. Output terminals of the differential pressure gauges are connected to an industrial controller (8). The six wind speed sensors in the space three-dimensional directions are all trapezoid head pitot tubes. The utility model also discloses a measuring method. The three-dimensional wind speed and wind direction measurement system of the utility model can be freely combined to measure one-dimensional and two-dimensional wind speeds, and is simple in structure, simple in materials and stable in performance.