The utility model discloses a periodic non-contact turbulence structure measurement and control system for an open-channel non-constant flow is composed of a water-level measurement and control computer module, a water-depth non-contact measuring module, a flow measuring module, a vertical-surface-flow-filed non-contact measuring module. The measurement and control system can obtain a stable periodic non-constant flow process in any shape, has advantages of fast response speed and infinitely variable speed, and can receive stable and accurate signals, preventing interference of the traditional measuring method on water flows. Moreover, the measurement and control system, with high precision, breaks the limit of spatial single-point flow velocity measurement to instantaneously measure flow information in one plane, and is characterized by being high in spatial resolution and large in quantity of acquired information, and able to continuously perform measurement without interference, so that the continuous and periodic control on the open-channel non-constant flow and the high-frequency non-contact synchronous measurement of flow, water depth and instantaneous flow field are achieved, and strong technical support for experimental research into the open-channel non-constant flow is provided.