The utility model discloses a system for preparing coal water slurry through dry process. The system comprises a coal pulverizing system and a slurry mixing system, wherein the coal pulverizing system consists of a coal conveyor belt, a surge bunker, a weighing coal feeder and a vertical mill which are connected in sequence, as well as a vertical milling mechanism, wherein the vertical mill is communicated with a vertical mill drying mechanism to form the vertical milling mechanism, the vertical mill is connected with a pulse cloth bag dust collecting device which is connected with a bucket elevator through a feeding machine, the bucket elevator is connected with a finished product bunker, the finished product bunker is connected with a slurry mixing tank, which is connected with the distribution system, in the slurry mixing system through a thick phase conveyor, the slurry mixing tank is connected with a pressure filter sieve through a screw pump, the pressure filter sieve is connected with a finished product tank through a shearing pump, and the finished product tank is connected with a hot-blast stove hole tank and a boiler fore-tank through the screw pump. The system is higher in piling efficiency of the pulverized coal, high in pulverized coal yield, high in slurry forming property, good in operation environment, safe to operate, precise for quantitative slurry mixing, environment-friendly, low in noise and applicable to preparing high-concentration and intermediate-concentration coal water slurry.