The utility model discloses a shouldering structure for refractory bricks at a brick supporting plate of a barrel of a four-nozzle gasification furnace and relates to structure configuration of refractory bricks of gasification furnaces in coal chemical industry. The faces of the refractory bricks in a supporting layer at the brick supporting plate of the barrel of the four-nozzle gasification furnace, connected with a heat preservation layer, are aligned to one another in the vertical direction so as to form a vertical butting face; the other faces of the refractory bricks in the supporting layer extend toward the interior of the gasification furnace in sequence from the bottom up; steps are formed at butting places of upper and lower adjacent refractory bricks in the supporting layer; end faces of refractory bricks in a hot surface layer connected with the supporting layer at the steps take the shape of a ladder complementary with the steps and correspond to brick joints in the supporting layer; and a refractory brick at the top for piling the supporting layer is pressed below a refractory brick at the upper part of the heat preservation layer. The shouldering structure at the brick supporting plate is capable of ensuring that the refractory bricks at the hot surface layer are not easy to damage and fall, is beneficial to the position fixing during the construction of the shouldering structure, is convenient for precise construction and is capable of ensuring the long-life running of the refractory bricks.