The utility model discloses a device for extracting an ethane and hydrocarbon mixture from natural gas. The device for extracting the ethane and hydrocarbon mixture from natural gas comprises a heat exchanger, a compressor, an expansion machine, a first-level low-temperature separator, a second-level low-temperature separator and a demethanizer. The heat exchanger is sequentially connected with the first-level low-temperature separator, the expansion machine, the second-level low-temperature separator and the compressor. The compressor is connected with the heat exchanger and the demethanizer. A liquid phase outlet of the first-level low-temperature separator and a liquid phase outlet of the second-level low-temperature separator are connected with the demethanizer. A gas phase outlet of the second-level low-temperature separator is further directly connected with the demethanizer. According to the device for extracting the ethane and hydrocarbon mixture from natural gas, pressure is increased through the compressor, after heat exchange is conducted on expanding gas, the expanding gas is condensed, liquid is supercooled through throttling and depressurization, and cold energy is provided for deep deethanization, wherein the compressor is effective and reliable. Compared with the technologies that deethanization is conducted through refrigeration by means of mixed refrigerants, the requirement for the compressor is low, the investment is small, the manufacturing period is short, one refrigerating system is omitted, operation and maintenance are simpler, and therefore the total project investment is greatly reduced.