The utility model belongs to the field of bridge detection devices. The utility model relates to a rail climbing trolley additionally provided with an anti-falling safety device. a trolley track is fixedly mounted on the inclined surface of the bridge main body; a track climbing trolley walking along the trolley track is arranged on the trolley track; a driving device for driving the rail climbingtrolley to walk and an electric control system for controlling the rail climbing trolley to ascend and descend are mounted above the rail climbing trolley; a rack connected with the driving device ismounted at the top of the driving device; The two sides of the rail climbing trolley are provided with an anti-falling safety device and a basic braking device respectively, wherein the anti-fallingsafety device provides braking force for the rail climbing trolley. the anti-falling safety device is mounted on the driving device; a control circuit in the anti-falling safety device is connected into the electric control system; According to the rail climbing trolley, the anti-falling safety device is additionally arranged on the basis of matching of motor braking, rail clamping device brakingor a manual lead screw, when equipment is abnormal and descends in an overspeed mode, the anti-falling safety device automatically executes braking action, the safety and the reliability of the wholemachine equipment are greatly improved, and the safety of operators is guaranteed.