The utility model discloses a spine protection device for construction operation. Relating to the field of safety construction, the device comprises a fixing band and a back protection device, the back protection device comprises a back upper protection plate, a back middle protection plate and a back waist protection plate; the back middle protection plate comprises an adjusting plate I and an adjusting plate II; the upper side edge of the first adjusting plate is hinged to the back upper protection plate. sliding plates I perpendicular to each other in the same direction are arranged on twoside edges of the adjusting plate; a through groove is formed in the sliding plate I; the lower side edge of the second adjusting plate is hinged to the back and waist protection plate, second slidingplates in the same direction as the sliding plates are arranged on the two side edges of the second adjusting plate, the lower end of the first adjusting plate is inserted into the second adjusting plate, meanwhile, the first sliding plates are located on the inner sides of the second sliding plates, and a transverse rod is fixedly connected between the upper ends of the two second sliding platesand inserted into the through groove. The length can be automatically adjusted according to the stooping degree of a human body, it is guaranteed that the device can be tightly attached to the spineof the back of the human body all the time, and the device is firm in wearing and not prone to slipping.