The utility model discloses a pile foundation verticality detection device. The device comprises a cross-shaped positioning sleeve, a hanging bracket, four telescopic rods and a steel wire measuring rope connected to the hanging bracket, the bottom end of the hanging bracket is fixedly connected to the center of the cross-shaped positioning sleeve, corresponding telescopic rods are arranged in twoupper positioning sleeves and two lower positioning sleeves of the cross-shaped positioning sleeve in a sleeved mode, and locking positioning pieces used for positioning the lengths of the corresponding telescopic rods are arranged on the two upper positioning sleeves and the two lower positioning sleeves. The steel wire measuring rope is of a steel wire rope structure, scales are marked on the steel wire rope, and the head end of the steel wire measuring rope is connected to the hanger. The whole device is of a cross structure, and multi-angle perpendicularity measurement is achieved; the length of the telescopic rod can be adjusted, so that the variable quantity of the axis is determined according to the difference between the diameter of the pile foundation and the length of the bidirectional telescopic rod, the perpendicularity is determined according to the height difference and the variable quantity of the axis, the detection method is rapid, and the detection result is accurate.