A stretchable wholly aromatic polyamide fiber which (A) is composed of a wholly aromatic polyamide containing at least 85 mole%, based on the entire recurring units, of m-phenylene isophthalamide units as a main component, (B) does not substantially contain an aprotic polar solvent, (C) has an average denier size of 50 to 50,000, (D) when stretched to two times at the glass transition temperature of the wholly aromatic polyamide, has a maximum heat shrinkage under a fixed load of at least 30%. A stretched wholly aromatic polyamide fiber which has the same properties with (A), (B) and (C), and (D) has a maximum heat shrinkage under a fixed load of at least 20% and (E) is substantially amorphous. The present invention provides a stretchable and stretched wholly aromatic polyamide composite fiber containing an inorganic pieces and processes for preparing the above fibers.