A nanodevice is disclosed wherein the gating member (150, 153'-157) can be either transverse to the conducting nanotube (150), or substantially surround the conducting nanotube (153'-157). A pseudo P-channel nanoswitch construction (150-151-152-153) as well as pseudo-CMOS nanoinverters (170-171-173-174-177-179) are disclosed and a nanomultivibrator (170-171-174-179-170'-171'-174'-179') and nanomultivibrator frequency dividing chain (174-190-190'-192-193) are disclosed operating in the sub-picosecond region. A pseudo P-channel enhancement mode power device (259, 259') is disclosed and is preferably used with an RC time constant compensation scheme (247i, 241i) to provide substantially simultaneous switching over the entire power nanoswitch (259, 259'). Nanotube separationand alignment apparati (300, 300') are disclosed, as well as improved atomic microscope probes (281-282-283-284-285-286-287, 291-292-293-294-295-297-298) and heads (310) to make and use the invention.