Method for determining the genotype of loci DRB of human leukocyte antigen from a nucleic acid sample, and kit for performing this method. The kit comprises allele-specific primers for amplifying nucleic acids derived from HLA-DRB loci by real-time PCR; allele-specific fluorescently labelled nucleotide probes for detecting fluorescence signals during the amplification; and experimentally defined fluorescence patterns for comparing the detected signals. In particular the genes of DRB loci are selected from DRB1, DRB3, DRB4 and DRB5. It overcomes some of the limitations of conventional DNA-based typing methods, in terms of time, possibility of automation, and increase in resolution, while reducing the number of PCR reactions. It is useful e.g. for determining transplantation compatibility or susceptibility for a specific disease.