Systems, techniques, and computer-program products are provided for tracking and traceability of parts of a finished product. In some embodiments, the tracking and traceability generates streams of semantic data obtained from an imaging sensor system that records the execution of a manufacturing process in industrial equipment. The execution of the manufacturing process yields a finished product from initial materials and/or parts. The tracking and traceability also implements artificial reasoning about the execution of the manufacturing process to generate assertions that characterize the execution of the manufacturing process. Semantic data and assertions can be aggregated into a digital trace record that tracks a defined component of the finished product throughout the execution of the manufacturing process and permit tracing the component to a defined event within the manufacturing process.