The present disclosure provides a fine surgical instrument capable of performing a joint movement and a rotational movement. The fine surgical instrument includes a rod portion (100, 100', 100") which is formed in a longitudinal direction to enter a surgery site located in a narrow space, a joint portion (200, 200', 200") which is formed on one side of the rod portion (100, 100', 100") and rotates in one direction from the one side of the rod portion (100, 100', 100"), a shaft (300) which is inserted into the rod portion (100, 100', 100"), a handle portion (400) which is coupled with the other side of the rod portion (100, 100', 100"), and a distal end portion (500) which is coupled with one end of the shaft (300) and is connected to the handle portion (400), in which the distal end portion (500) is operated along a manipulation of the handle portion (400).