Provided are a bogie and a rail vehicle. The bogie comprises: two wheel sets arranged in parallel, the wheel set comprising an axle (11) and two wheels (12) symmetrically arranged on the axle (11); two side beams (2) spanning over the two wheel sets, the two side beams (2) being parallel with each other; axle boxes (13) arranged on the axles (11), located under the side beams (2), and configured to support the side beams (2); primary suspension devices (7), the primary suspension device (7) being arranged between the axle box (13) and the side beam (2); two connection bases (3) each arranged at a middle part of one side beam (2); and a traction device (4) connected between the two connection bases (3), the traction device (4) being further configured to be connected to a vehicle body. The bogie and the rail vehicle can reduce the assembly difficulty of the bogie.