The present invention is directed to compositions and methods for treating ocular conditions, including presbyopia, mild hyperopia, irregular astigmatism, hyperopic accommodative esotropia, and glaucoma. The compositions can also be used to potentiate or enhance interventions that retard, reverse, or modify the aging process of the crystalline lens and its surrounding tissues. The compositions include a cholinergic agent, such as a muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3 agonist, and an alpha agonist having an imidazoline group or a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) having COX-2 selectivity. It has been found that an alpha agonist having an imidazoline group or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) having COX-2 selectivity in combination with a cholinergic agent, such as pilocarpine, act synergistically to improve the accommodative and focusing ability of the eye while minimizing the side effects from each compound.