PURPOSE: A method for processing the surface of a super-hydrophobic aluminum substrate and the aluminum substrate of which the surface becomes super-hydrophobic by the same are provided to improve durability in the hierarchical structure of the modified surface and to remove temperature limit and time limit for the super-hydrophobicity of the surface, thereby applying a material having the surface to various fields. CONSTITUTION: A method for processing the surface of a super-hydrophobic aluminum substrate includes: a step of forming a micro terrace structure on the surface with etching the substrate using an acid solution; a step of forming a leaf structure-induced hierarchical structure on the micro terrace structure with treating the substrate using a solution having halogen ions; and a step of modifying the surface using a fluorine-based compound. [Reference numerals] (AA) Step 1: form a micro terrace structure; (BB) Step 2: form a leaf structure; (CC) Step 3: modify fluorine-based compound