A data distribution method and a splitter is provided. The data distribution method executed by the splitter includes: parsing a received data packet to determine a transport layer communications protocol to which the data packet belongs; acquiring from the data packet, identification information of a data stream to which the received data packet belongs; acquiring from a memory according to a correspondence between a transport layer communications protocol and an distribution table, an distribution table corresponding to the transport layer communications protocol to which the data packet belongs; determining according to a correspondence between identification information of a data stream and a thread in the acquired distribution table, a thread corresponding to the data stream to which the data packet belongs; and sending the data packet to a cache queue of the determined thread, so that the determined thread acquires the data packet from the cache queue.