The present invention relates to fields of clinical application of nerve defect repair and the medical three-dimensional (3D) printing technology, and provides an integrated visualization method for three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of internal structure of human peripheral nerves. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining human peripheral nerves, preparing nerve specimens ex vivo by staining with an iodine preparation in combination with a freeze-drying method; scanning the pretreated peripheral nerves using Micro CT to acquire lossless two-dimensional images, and performing binarization processing to the two-dimensional images, then conducting image segmentation based on textural features to acquire images of nerve fascicles; finally, reconstructing the segmented images into a visualization model by using a supercomputer.