Embodiments of the present invention provide a method and a system for measuring a channel quality indicator, a user equipment and a base station. The method includes: obtaining a channel quality indicator configuration, where the channel quality indicator configuration includes a first combination, and the first combination includes a valid signal processing manner and an interfering signal processing manner; performing valid signal processing and interfering signal processing according to the valid signal processing manner and the interfering signal processing manner in the first combination to obtain a valid signal and an interfering signal; performing channel quality indicator calculation according to the valid signal and the interfering signal to obtain a channel quality indicator; and feeding the channel quality indicator back to a base station.