The technical objective of the present disclosure is to provide an apparatus for driving a three-dimensional microgravity cable that can reproduce microgravity environments such as those experienced on the moon or Mars. To this end, the apparatus for driving a three-dimensional microgravity cable of the present disclosure comprises: a frame unit for forming a virtual space; a wire unit comprising three or more wires, provided at the frame unit; a winch unit for winding or unwinding each of the three or more wires; tension measuring units, respectively provided at the three or more wires, for measuring the tensions of the respective wires; a position sensing unit, provided at the frame unit, for sensing the position of a participant; and a support unit, positioned in the virtual space, for supporting the participant by the three or more wires.