The present invention relates to a cloud-based secure printing system and a method of processing same. When requesting printing of a desired printed matter by using a communication network of a mobile terminal of a user and a personal computer, the cloud-based secure printing system of the present invention uses a print management server and a print agent to authenticate and confirm the user and document security authority, and prints the printed matter through a desired printer. According to the present invention, the effects of strengthening the security of printed matter, increasing user convenience and work efficiency through a mobile printing function, and reducing the printing of unnecessary documents and the leaving of documents unattended and reducing costs can be obtained, and a secure print platform can be provided which is capable of printing, regardless of which printer manufacturer and model is used.