An example method for manufacturing a semiconductor device includes forming a nitride, carbide, or metal film on a substrate in a chamber using PE-ALD, Pulse-PE-CVD or PE-CVD, purging an interior of the chamber, forming an oxide film on the substrate in the chamber using PE-ALD, Pulse-PE-CVD or PE-CVD, and supplying a reducing gas into the chamber to create a reduction atmosphere and purging the interior of the chamber. The forming of the nitride film, carbide, or metal, purging, forming an oxide film, and supplying the reducing gas may be repeated a plurality of times.