Embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of communications technologies, and provide a method for transmission by using scheduling signaling, and an apparatus, which can avoid a problem of insufficient processes, increase a quantity of processes that can be supported by scheduling signaling, and increase HARQ processes or transport blocks in a HARQ process that can be used in single-subframe scheduling or multi-subframe scheduling, without increasing scheduling signaling overheads. The method specifically includes: receiving, by user equipment UE, scheduling signaling sent by a base station, where the scheduling signaling includes a HARQ process number field; acquiring a subframe number of a subframe scheduled by using the scheduling signaling; determining a transport block according to the HARQ process number field and the subframe number; and processing data in the transport block. The present invention is applied to scheduling signaling transmission.