Disclosed are a method for processing service configuration data and apparatus, in the method, it is to obtain a management Internet Protocol (IP) address of a terminal device in which a Small Form-factor Pluggable Optical Network Unit (SFP-ONU) is located; searching for a registered authentication identifier corresponding to the management IP address in a pre-established binding relationship; obtaining service configuration data according to the registered authentication identifier, and distributing the service configuration data to the SFP-ONU, herein the service configuration data is used to start and manage a SFP-ONU service. According to a technical solution provided by the present disclosure, a binding relationship can be established through a management IP address of a terminal device and authentication and configuration data of a SFP-ONU, so that the SFP-ONU can be conveniently managed and a service channel can be automatically opened in existing x-passive optical network (xPON) applications.