Disclosed are a video encoding method and a video decoding method. A multilayer video encoding method comprises the steps of: performing an interlayer prediction for a picture of each layer constituting a multilayer video; determining a reference layer to which the picture of each layer refers, on the basis of the result of the interlayer prediction; and adding reference layer information of each layer to a parameter set including the information which is commonly applied to the layers included in the multilayer video.