A method for the ex vivo cultivation of oral mucosal epithelial progenitor cells and oral mucosal epithelial cells includes: subjecting an oral mucosal tissue to an enzymatic digestion treatment with collagenase, so as to obtain cell aggregates which include oral mucosal epithelial progenitor cells and oral mucosal epithelial cells; cultivating the cell aggregates with an amniotic membrane in a serum-free platelet lysate-containing medium in the absence of feeder cells, so that the cell aggregates are adhered onto the amniotic membrane; and subsequently cultivating the cell aggregates adhered on the amniotic membrane in a serum-free proliferation-facilitating medium in the absence of feeder cells.