A surveillance position determining apparatus includes a memory, a cell divider, a score determiner, and a surveillance position setter. The memory stores map information including at least a predetermined surveillance target region. The cell divider divides the map information stored in the memory into multiple cells in a grid on a horizontal plane. The score determiner determines scores for respective candidate cells among the multiple cells. The scores are each based on easiness of viewing from an own aircraft and difficulty of being viewed from a surveillance target that are quantified. The candidate cells exclude multiple surveillance target cells included at least in the surveillance target region. The surveillance position setter sets surveillance positions on a basis of the respective scores of the candidate cells determined by the score determiner.