An anode and a lithium ion battery employing the same are provided. The anode includes a lithium-containing layer and a single-ion conductive layer. The single-ion conductive layer includes an inorganic particle, a single-ion conductor polymer, and a binder. The single-ion conductor polymer has a first repeat unit of Formula (I), a second repeat unit of Formula (II), a third repeat unit of Formula (III), and a fourth repeat unit of Formula (IV) wherein R1 is O−M+, SO3−M+, N(SO2F)−M+, N(SO2CF3)−M+, N(SO2CF2CF3)−M+, COO−M+, or PO4−M+; M+ is Li+, Na+, K+, Cs+, or a combination thereof; and R2 is CH3, CH2CH3, or CH2CH2OCH2CH3. In particular, the weight ratio of the inorganic particle to the sum of the single-ion conductor polymer and the binder is from 4:1 to 9:1, and the weight ratio of the binder to the single-ion conductor polymer is from 1:1 to 9:1.