Embodiments of the invention relate to method of operating television white space (TVWS) geo-location database (GLDB). The method comprises: embedding a plurality of data signals in a plurality of radio frequency (RF) broadcast signals of at least one existing television or radio channel, wherein the data signals comprise at least one of TVWS GLDB data, time reference data and broadcast transmitter data which comprises at least one of transmitter location data and transmitter identification; and transmitting, over a RF network which is other than an internet protocol (IP) network, the RF broadcast signals together with the embedded data signals to a plurality of white space devices.