The present disclosure discloses a positioning apparatus, including an identification code reading assembly which comprises a support part and an identification code reader mounted on the support part, wherein the support part is connected with a running part of a conveyor mechanism; and further comprising a shield, in which at least a portion of the support part is located and out of which the identification code reader is located. The present disclosure also discloses a conveyor mechanism. The shield provided by the positioning apparatus according to the present disclosure may function to protect the identification code reader without affecting the normal reading operation of the identification code reader, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the positioning of the conveyor mechanism conducted by the positioning apparatus.