The present disclosure provides a wireless network coverage enhancement method, apparatus, and system. The method includes: receiving, by a terminal, a downlink signal sent by a network device; determining, by the terminal, a first coverage level of the terminal according to the downlink signal; determining, by the terminal, an uplink communications parameter according to the first coverage level; and sending, by the terminal, an uplink signal to the network device according to the uplink communications parameter. According to the method in embodiments of the present invention, a probability of successfully receiving the uplink signal is improved. Therefore, the network device does not need to send a NACK to the terminal, so that overheads of an air interface between the terminal and the network device are reduced, a period in which the terminal performs coverage enhancement is shortened, and power consumption of the terminal is reduced.