One embodiment of the present invention relates to a method by which a station (STA) performs uplink transmission in a wireless communication system, the method for performing uplink transmission comprising the steps of: receiving a trigger frame from an AP; and performing uplink transmission as a response to the trigger frame, wherein, when a network allocation vector (NAV) of the STA receiving the trigger frame is idle and clear channel assessment (CCA) result is idle, the uplink transmission is performed.