This application provides an uplink power control method and apparatus. A network side device sends a plurality of pieces of configuration information of an RACH to UE, and indicates, by using a scheduling message of the RACH, identifier information of the configuration information of the RACH used by the UE. The UE calculates a transmit power of the RACH based on the configuration information that is of the RACH and that is corresponding to the identifier information, and sends a random access preamble to the network side device based on the transmit power of the RACH.