The structure has a subgrade or slope to be monitored and strip-shaped smart geosynthetic material compound devices. The strip-shaped smart geosynthetic material compound devices are buried to run through a subgrade or slope predicted slip crack surface. Gaps between the strip-shaped smart geosynthetic material compound devices and borehole inner walls are filled so that the force environment of the strip-shaped smart geosynthetic material compound devices is close to the subgrade or slope internal environment. Each strip-shaped smart geosynthetic material compound device has a strip-shaped geogrid, lead, and heat shrinkable tube. The lead is arranged in a length direction of the geogrid, and the lead and geogrid are fixedly connected at an interval of a set distance, with each fixed point forming a measuring point. The geogrid is wrapped in the heat shrinkable tube, and a free end of the lead is drawn out of the heat shrinkable tube.