Aspects of the disclosure provide for a controller of a system. The controller is configured to apply a drive to transition the system from a first state to a second state and to continually adjust the drive in response to a detected disturbance quantity in real-time by performing a loop until the system is in the second state. The loop comprises determining a predicted state of the system at a given instance based on the obtained current state of the system and the applied drive, obtaining the current state of the system at the given instance using one or more sensors, determining a disturbance quantity amount based on a difference between the predicted state at the given instance and an actual state of the system at the given instance, determining an adjustment to the drive based on the disturbance quantity amount, and applying the adjusted drive to the system.