Discloses is a backhaul transmission method for wireless communication, a controller, a base station, and a gateway. The method includes: sending, by a first base station, information about a backhaul requirement of the first base station to a controller; obtaining, by the first base station, information about a codebook from the controller, where the information about the codebook is determined based on the backhaul requirement of the first base station; and performing, by the first base station, backhaul transmission with a gateway by using the codebook. Information about a codebook used in backhaul transmission is determined based on a backhaul requirement of a base station, so that backhaul requirements of different base stations can be met, and a backhaul capacity of a system is increased.