An image processing apparatus, which includes a first physical computing circuit, configured to receive a plurality of first analog signals output by an image sensor, and perform a convolution operation on the plurality of first analog signals to obtain a second analog signal. The plurality of first analog signals are in a one-to-one correspondence with a plurality of pieces of pixel data of a to-be-recognized image. The first physical computing circuit comprises at least one multiplication circuit array and at least one subtraction circuit, the at least one multiplication circuit array is in a one-to-one correspondence with the at least one subtraction circuit, a multiplication circuit in each multiplication circuit array comprises a differential pair transistor, each multiplication circuit array implements the convolution operation on the plurality of first analog signals using a plurality of multiplication circuits and a corresponding subtraction circuit.