Methods, apparatus, systems, and computer-readable media are provided for downloading targeted object recognition modules that are selected from a library of candidate targeted object recognition modules based on various signals. In some implementations, an object recognition client may be operated to facilitate object recognition for a robot. It may download targeted object recognition module(s). Each targeted object recognition module may facilitate inference of an object type or pose of an observed object. The targeted object module(s) may be selected from a library of targeted object recognition modules based on various signals, such as a task to be performed by the robot. The object recognition client may obtain vision data capturing at least a portion of an environment in which the robot operates. The object recognition client may determine, based on the vision data and the downloaded object recognition module(s), information about an observed object in the environment.