Embodiments of the present disclosure disclose a method for determining a frequency resource, and an apparatus. The method includes: first determining, by user equipment (UE), a power headroom report; and subsequently sending, by the UE, the power headroom report (PHR) to a base station in a random access process, where the power headroom report may be carried by a related information segment of message 3 (Message 3) sent by the UE to the base station. According to the solutions provided in the present disclosure, a base station can obtain, in a timely manner, a basis for performing scheduling configuration when UE performs current uplink data transmission, and can more accurately configure power control and scheduling information for the UE. This avoids allocating the UE a channel that exceeds an uplink transmission capability of the UE, and thereby avoids an uplink bandwidth waste.