The disclosure describes composite nosecones and techniques for forming composite nosecones including a matrix material, relatively higher-modulus reinforcement elements, and relatively tougher polymer-based reinforcement elements. An example composite nosecone includes a body substantially symmetrical around a central axis. The body includes a side wall defining a diameter of the body that increases from a forward side of the body to an aft side of the body. The body includes a composite material including a plurality of relatively higher-modulus reinforcement elements, a plurality of relatively tougher polymer-based reinforcement elements, and a matrix material substantially encapsulating the plurality of relatively higher-modulus reinforcement elements and the plurality of relatively tougher polymer-based reinforcement elements. The plurality of relatively higher-modulus reinforcement elements are different from the plurality of relatively tougher polymer-based reinforcement elements.