An analysis system, controller, and data processing device that are capable of avoiding the influence on control in the case where the names of the constituent elements are changed. The analysis system includes a plurality of constituent elements used for analysis; a controller configured to perform control on a basis of data received from the constituent elements; and a data processing device configured to process data received from the controller. The controller receives the control code, the additional code, and the name information from the plurality of constituent elements to generate an ID code on the basis of the control code and the additional code. The data processing device receives the ID code and the name information from the controller, and performs control on the basis of the control code included in the ID code.