The present invention relates to an aerosol device comprising a container containing: one or more propellants, and a composition comprising: one or more sebum-absorbing powders with a sebum uptake of greater than or equal to 35 ml/100 g; one or more styling powders comprising calcium carbonate; less than 10% by weight of one or more C2-4 monoalcohols relative to the total weight of the composition, the propellant(s) possibly being present in the composition or, in the container, separate from the composition. The invention also relates to a process for the dry-washing and cosmetic treatment of keratin materials, comprising a step of applying to the hair the cosmetic composition, sprayed from the aerosol device.