An electronic device is provided. The electronic device includes a camera, a plurality of microphones, at least one processor electrically coupled with the camera and the plurality of microphones. The at least one processor may acquire a video signal, based on a designated zoom level via the camera, acquire a plurality of audio signals respectively via the plurality of microphones while acquiring the video signal, identify a first signal characteristic of a first audio signal acquired via a first microphone and a second signal characteristic of a second audio signal acquired via a second microphone among the plurality of microphones, derive a control parameter for signal processing for the first audio signal and the second audio signal, based on the designated zoom level, the first signal characteristic, and the second signal characteristic, and perform audio signal processing including beamforming using the first audio signal and the second audio signal, based on the derived control parameter. Various other embodiments are also possible.