The present disclosure provides a method, system and apparatus for detecting polarity of component, and a computer-readable storage medium. The component polarity detection method includes: selecting first component symbols similar to graphs in a pre-created template library of component polarity symbols from a polar graph layer of a to-be-detected printed circuit board (PCB), and sifting out second component symbols each having polarity from the selected first component symbols; and traversing each second component symbol having polarity, to detect whether a polarity symbol that has been already stored in the template library is in the second component symbol having polarity; if yes, examining whether a polarity position of the polarity symbol in the second component symbol is correct; and if the polarity position is incorrect, outputting a report indicating that the polarity position of the polarity symbol in the second component symbol is incorrect.