The present disclosure provides an image processing method and a display device including rows of actual pixels each including actual sub-pixels, and starting positions of actual sub-pixels in odd-numbered and even-numbered rows are staggered by a distance of half of an actual sub-pixel. The method includes: determining rows of theoretical pixels corresponding to a to-be-displayed image, each theoretical pixel including theoretical sub-pixels, each actual pixel corresponding to at least two theoretical pixels; calculating grayscale data of each actual sub-pixel in a manner of: for a target actual pixel, determining a rendering mode for calculating grayscale data of each actual sub-pixel of the target actual pixel according to whether there is a specified detail feature in a pixel area where target theoretical pixels corresponding to the target actual pixel are located, different rendering modes are employed when there is or there is not a specified detail feature in the pixel area.