Technologies for quality of service based throttling in a fabric architecture include a network node of a plurality of network nodes interconnected across the fabric architecture via an interconnect fabric. The network node includes a host fabric interface (HFI) configured to facilitate the transmission of data to/from the network node, monitor quality of service levels of resources of the network node used to process and transmit the data, and detect a throttling condition based on a result of the monitored quality of service levels. The HFI is further configured to generate and transmit a throttling message to one or more of the interconnected network nodes in response to having detected a throttling condition. The HFI is additionally configured to receive a throttling message from another of the network nodes and perform a throttling action on one or more of the resources based on the received throttling message. Other embodiments are described herein.